The Legend and Cult of Upagupta


Contents

#

Cap.

PP.




0A

Praefatium

xi-xiii

0B

Abbreviations

xv-xviii

0C

Introduction

3 to 19

1

Provisions for the Buddha's Absence

23-43

2

Monk and Monkey : Upa-gupta's Past [Lives]

44-56

3

Patriarchs and the Forest-Monk Tradition

57-74

4

Lay-life, Ordination, and Arhantship

75-92

5

Upa-gupta and Mara

93-117

6

Master-Disciple Relations

118-144

7

Upa-gupta and A-s`oka

145-170

8

Upa-gupta and Orthodoxy

171-185

9

The Loka-pan~n~atti Legend

186-208

10

Mythic Elaborations and Ritual Developments

209-235

11

Upa-gupta and the Arhant-cults

236-252

12

Upa-gupta as Protector of Festivals

253-272

13

Personal Rewards and Domestic Rites

273-290


0.A-0.B.


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0A

Praefatium

xi-xiii


p. xi religious libraries in Laos

"When Louis Finot undertook a survey of the libraries of Laotian monasteries in 1917, he discovered that ... Of the three divisions of the T{r}i{-}pit.aka, only the "basket of scholasticism" -- the Abhidhamma {Abhi-dharma} -- was complete, but that was because its seven books had important ritual uses at funeral other ceremonies. ... much of the Sutta {Sutra} pit.aka, purporting to record the words of the Buddha himself, was unknown, and ... its books existed only in the form of ... paritta, texts to be recited for their magical potency. ...

The volumes of the Pali canon ... are generally not to be found in the bookcases of Buddhists in Southeast Asia. What is there is mostly "extracanonical" :

jataka[-]s,

{these, however, being usually reckoned as part of the standard canon, but as the profoundly esoteric portion of that canon}

collections of legends from the commentaries, tales of the adventures of saints, accounts of other worlds {as experienced in dreams?},

{All these are likwise reckoned as esoteric -- as too valuable and too important to be made readily available in the ordinary, exoteric canon.}

anisamsa[-]s (stories extolling the advantages of merit[-]making), ritual manuals ... ." (Finot 1917, pp. 61-174)

Finot 1917 = Louis Finot : "Recherches sur la litte'rature laotienne". BULLETIN DE L'ECOLE FRANC,AIS D'EXTRE^ME ORIENT 17:1-218.


p. xii former praedominance of Hina-yana denominations

"of all the many and diverse Hinayana sects that once thrived {throve} in South and Southeast Asia (Sarvastivadin[-]s, Mahasamghika[-]s, etc.), only the Theravadin[-]s exist today."

{In China and in Indonesia, the Hina-yana denominations transformed themselves into Maha-yana denominations (which latter set of denominations distinguish themselves from each other each other largely by making use of distinctive -and-different Vaipulya-sutra-s.}

{Each of the northern (in Han/China) and southern (in Nusantara/Indonesia) religious denominations evolved its own Vaipulya-sutra. In the central region, however, among others there existed (after being transferred thither at the close of the Gupta dynasty in Bharata, much as the Renaissance of Western Europe rose from the transferr thither of Hellenic culture/litterature after the close of the Byzantine empire) the Gupta denomination (venerating Upa-gupta), whence was artificially derived, by reactionarily eliminating most of its litterature and rites (in like manner as Protestant Christianity spuriously arose from Catholicism/Orthodoxy as a result of barbaricly eliminating most litterature and most rites of apostolic antiquity) the praesent-day deviation misleadingly calling itself Sthaviravada/Theravada (which is no more derived from the antique Elders than is Protestantism from the Apostoloi).}


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0B

Abbreviations

xv-xviii


pp. xv-xviii abbreviations of names of canonical books and their commentaries

p.

abbrev.

its signification

xv

A.

Ang-uttara Nikaya


AA.

Manoratha {Manas-ratha} Puran.i (commentary on the A.)


Avk.

Avadana-kalpalata


Avs`.

Avadana-s`ataka


Buv.

BuddhaVamsa {Buddha Vams`a 'Awakened Reed/Dynasty'}


BuvA.

MadhuratthaVilasini (commentary on the Buv.)


D.

Di{r}gha Nikaya


DA.

Su-mangala ('Good-Omen') Vilasini (commentary on the D.)


Dat.h.

Dat.haVamsa


Div.

Divyavadana {Divya Avadana}


Dpv.

Dipavamsa {Dipa-vams`a 'Lamp Reed/Dynasty'}


Dhp.

Dhammapada {Dharma-pad 'Law-Foot'}


DhA.

DhammapadAt.t.ha-katha {'8-Tales'} (commentary on the Dhp.)


Itv.

Itivuttaka {Iti-vr.ttaka}

xvi

J.

Jataka


JM.

Jataka-mala


Kvu.

Katha {'Tale'} Vatthu


KvuA.

KathaVatthuPpakaran.a At.t.ha-katha (commentary on the Kvu.)


Laks.c.

Laks.a-caitya-samutpatti


Lal.

Lalita-vistara


M.

Majjhima {Madhyama 'Middle[-length]'} Nikaya


Mhv.

MahaVamsa {Maha-Vams`a 'Great Reed/Dynasty'}


MhvT..

VamsaAtthaPpakasini (commentary on the Mhv.)


MJM.

Mahajjatakamala


Mkv.

Maha-karma[n] Vibhanga


MPS.

Maha-parinirvan.a Sutra


MSV.

Mula-sarva-asti-vada Vinaya


Mtu.

Maha-vastu


PJat.

Pa-n~n~asa {Prajn~a-asa 'Wisdom Seat'} Jataka


S.

Samyutta {Sam-yukta} Nikaya


SA.

SarAtthaPpakasini {Sara-artha Pra-kas`ini} (commentary on the S.)


Sas.

Sasanavamsa {S`asana Vams`a}


Saunda.

Saundara-nanda ('Beauty-Producing Joy')


Sn.

Sutta {Sutra 'Warpthread'} Nipata


SnA.

Param-attha {Parama-artha} Jotika II (commentary on the Sn.)


S`iks..

S`iks.asamuccuya


T.

Taisho shinshu daizokyo


T. 125

Eka-uttara Agama


T. 130

Su-magadha Avadana


T. 190

Abhi-nis.-kraman.a Sutra


T. 200

Avadana S`ataka

xvii

T. 202

Dama-muka-nidana Sutra


T. 211

Dharma-pada Ava-dana


T. 213

Dharma-pada


T. 310

Maha-ratna-kut.a


T. 643

Buddha-anusmr.ti-samadhi Sutra


T. 1421

Mahis`asaka Vinaya


T. 1425

Mahasanghika Vinaya


T. 1428

Dharmaguptaka Vinaya


T. 1435

Sarva-asti-vada Vinaya


T. 1442

Mula-sarva-asti-vada Vinaya-vibhanga


T. 1451

Mula-sarva-asti-vada Vinaya-vastu


T. 1462

Mula-sarva-asti-vada Vinaya-ks.udra-vastu


T. 1465

S`ari-putra Pari-pr.ccha


T. 1545

Maha-vibhhas.a


T. 1634

Maha-yan Avatara


T. 1644

Loka-prajn~apti


T. 2030

Nandimitravadana {Nandi[n]-mitra Avadana}

xviii

Upasam.

Upa-sampada Vidhi


Vin.

Vi-naya Pit.aka-m


VinA.

Sam-anta Pasadika (commentary on the Vin.)


VinNid.

Vinaya Nidana


Vsm.

Visuddhimagga {Vis`uddhi Marga}


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John S. Strong : The Legend and Cult of Upagupta : Sanskrit Buddhism in North India and Southeast Asia. Princeton Univ Pr, 1992.